Impact of Basic Science Research on Controlling the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background and objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted globally and created unprecedented challenges. Basic science has played a vital role in understanding the virus and developing diagnostic tools, vaccines, and treatments. Using the principles of virology and immunology, researchers have discovered the transmission routes and physical pathology of Covid-19. This mini-review covers the basic science accomplishments during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: This review study conducted a content analysis of texts on basic science findings in the COVID-19 pandemic by reviewing PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. By July 2024, a total of 197 relevant articles were extracted, while the findings of only 78 studies were assessed.
Results and discussion: Identifying the virus as a new coronavirus and developing diagnostic tests have made it possible to track its spread. Preventive measures such as social distancing and wearing masks have been introduced as essential in controlling the virus while promising treatments to combat COVID-19 have saved many patients' lives. The development of vaccines such as the Noora, PastoCovac, and COVIran Barekat vaccines has been very important in the fight against COVID-19. The pandemic has caused widespread economic impacts and prompted international organizations and policymakers to propose mitigation strategies. Covid-19 has also had a profound impact on society and mental health, leading to increased anxiety and social isolation, which has been studied in psychology and sociology. Utilizing these experiences during future infectious epidemics will be incredibly beneficial.